North American Native Pine Trees, Pinus, page 3

Shortleaf Pine (Pinus echinata Mill.)
Common names: Yellow pine, Old
Height: 75-100ft
Diameter: 2-4 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: no
Annual rainfall: 20-80
Frost Free Days: 90
Minimum Tempurature (F): -33
Growth Rate: rapid
Longevity: 200-450 years
State List: AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, IL,
KY, LA, MD, MO, MS, NC, NJ, NY,
OK, OH, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV

An evergreen native conifer, Shortleaf pine has the widest distribution of any southeastern pine species. It commonly attains 100 feet in height and 2 to 3 feet in diameter. A straight single trunk supports a narrow, conical to pyramidal or flat topped crown. It has a deep tap root and lateral roots about 24 inches beneath the surface and is wind firm. Pinus echinata's ...more

Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.)
2 variations: elliottii, and densa
Height: 50-100 ft
Diameter: 2-3 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 40-80 inches
Soil Needs: moist, pH 4.0-6.4,
Frost Free Days: 250
Minimum Tempurature (F): -18
Growth Rate: rapid
Shade: Intolerant
State List: AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC,
SC, TX ...more

Spruce Pine (Pinus glabra Walter.)
Common name: Walter Pine, Cedar
Height: 80-100 ft
Diameter: 2-2.5 ft
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 35-66
Soil Needs: pH 3.8-5.6
Frost Free Days: 240
Minimum Tempurature (F): -2
Growth Rate: rapid
Shade: Tolerant
State List: AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, SC
...more

Photo Gallery

Pine Pages 1, 2, 3, 4

Distibution maps courtesy USDA PLANTS Database

Red Pine (Pinus resinosa Aiton)
Syn: Pinus resinosa Soland.
Common names: Norway Pine..
Height: 50-100 feet
Diameter: 2-3 feet
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 20-40
Soil Needs: sandy, pH 5.1-5.5
Frost Free Days: 80
Minimum Temperature (F): -43
Growth Rate: rapid
ENDANGERED in Connecticut,
Illinois, and New Jersey ...more

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Sand Pine (Pinus clausa Chapm ex Engelm.) Vasey ex Sarg.
Common names: Scrub pine, Spruce
Height: 80 ft
Diameter: 18-20 inches
Showy flower: no
Fall colors: no-evergreen
Drought tolerant: low
Annual rainfall: 40-65
Soil Needs: moist, sandy, pH 4.2-5.5
Frost Free Days: 265
Minimum Temperature (F): 2
Growth Rate: slow
Longevity: less than years
State List: AL, FL, GA, MS, NC

Sand pine has 2 geographic specific variations, the difference being cone behavior. In the Florida peninsula, sand pines are var. clausa, known commonly as Ocala Sand pine. They have mostly serotinous cones, meaning they only open when heat activated. The other variety, var. immuginata occurs in the Florida panhandle and southern Georgia, and is known as ...more

Red Pine is native to Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, and West Virginia in the United States. In Canada, it is native to Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec.

A native conifer, Pinus resinosa, averages between 75 and 80 feet but may grow to 200 feet in optimal sites. The largest trunk d.b.h (diameter at breast height) on record is 59.6 inches but the trunk base typically only reaches widths of 2 to 3 feet. Red pines have a single stem, or trunk, that supports a symmetrical, dense, and oval crown that is supported by

...more

Pinus clausa is native to Alabama, Frorida, Georgia, Mississippi, and North Carolina

Pinus echinata native distribution is the majority of the eastern United States

Pinus glabra is natve to the southeastern United States

Pinus glabra cones are close to the branches and nestled within dark green needles

An uncommon tree, it is usually found singly in mixed forests. This native evergreen conifer gets its name because of the way it produces smaller branches between the major branch whorls, similar to a spruce. A medium sized tree, Spruce pines usually grown 80 to o100 feet tall and reach 2 to 2.3 feet in diameter. The trunk is straight with horizontal, somwhat drooping ...more

Slash pine is a native evergreen conifer found across much of the southern United States. Pinus elliottii, the regular slash pine, is the most abundant and widely spread, whereas Florida Slash Pine, var. densa, is native only to central and southern Florida. The two varieties can hybridize were their ranges overlap. There are several
distinguishing ...more

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Photo Gallery

New growth on Pinus clausa is lighter green

Yellowish brown Pinus clausa cones nestled in vivid green needles

Photo Gallery

Pinus echinata cones are pyramidal to conical

Pinus echinata bark is rough and flaky, furrowed into vertical plates

Pinus echinata seeds have a single wing and are light brown

Photo Gallery

Pinus elliottii var. densa has a 2 to 6 year grass stage

The rough scaly bark of Pinus elliottii var. densa

Pinus elliottii has unique growth buds as they have whitish scales

Tree lists:
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For state A-Z list click state name below.

Pine (Pinus) Genus

For an A-Z list (by scientific name) of native pine trees click here.

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Home>Families>Pinaceae>North American Native Pine Trees, Pinus

Pine trees are one of the most varied and widely spread

genus of native tree species in North America. From the

cold mountains of Alaska to Nova Scotia in the east, from high

wind-swept Rocky Mountain cliffs to the fertile Appalachian

forests, on seaside borders, swamps, dry foothills, lowlands

and everywhere in between, pine trees can be found. Adapted

to so many environments, pine trees are hardy survivors in

their native habitat. The pine trees of North America were

used by Native Americans for treatments of respiratory ailments, in canoe building and even as food. Today native pines are one of the most valuable commercial timber sources and continue to be used for construction, furniture, pulpwood, land management and more.

• North American Pine Family
• Pine Family A to Z

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